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The conventional fire alarm system is based on analog electrical system. It is an old system usually installed in small offices or homes. The main difference is the configuration or the connection of the devices with the main control panel. There is a separate circuit or wired connection for each device as shown in the figure.
Since there are separate wires for each device, the cost for cables and the installation cost is relatively higher than addressable fire alarm. But the main control panel is quite simple and cheap which reduces the overall cost of the conventional fire alarm. Therefore, they are used in business having smaller building sizes and lower budget.
Each circuit connected with the main panel is used for monitoring a specified area known as zones. For example, each floor of a multi-storied building can be divided into zones. Each floor has multiple sensors and detectors connected with the main control panel through a single circuit.
The addressable fire alarm system assigned each individual devices a unique address. It is a digital updated version of the conventional fire alarm where each detector or sensors have unique identity. Therefore, each device has its own identity which makes it easier to identify which device has been triggered and spot the location of fire. The system quickly notifies the local responders to take the necessary action to stop further damage.
The wiring of addressable fire alarm is very simple. They are connected in a single loop thus saving the cost of wiring and installation. However, the equipment used is quite expensive and the initial cost of the system is quite high. Therefore, such systems are suitable for large buildings having many rooms and have high budget.
It is a digital system with a digitally programmable main control panel that allows to program the threshold of the detectors. This feature allows it to be used in any kind of environment and prevent any false alarm that could end up wasting first responder’s resources and affect the business.
Apart from that, the control panel can detect any faulty device and its exact location in order to replace or troubleshoot the said device. The smart programmable control panel can also be programmed to detect any potential fire hazard (such as gas leaks) and notify the personnel to remove it before the buzzer is triggered.
Since the detectors are connected to the main panel through both ends of the wire, break at one end of the wire will not affect its operation as it can send the signal through the other end. This feature makes it more reliable than conventional fire alarm
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